Isingeniso esiKhawulezayo kwiShading kwi-Ethereum

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Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo i-Ethereum Merge ijolise ekufakeni kwinethiwekhi "ukwabelana." Kwiposti yeblogi yakutshanje, u-Ethereum wachaza ukuba yintoni i-sharding kunye nolunye ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nesici se-blockchain.

Yintoni Sharding?

Ngokutsho kwe-Ethereum, i-sharding yinkqubo yokwahlula i-database ngokuthe tye ukusabalalisa umthwalo wayo kwimikhosi eyahlukeneyo. Kwimeko ye-blockchain ye-Ethereum, i-sharding iya kwenza ngokubambisana kunye ne-Layer 2 rollups ngokwahlula umthwalo wokucubungula inani elikhulu ledatha efunekayo nge-rollups kuyo yonke inethiwekhi ye-Ether. Ngenxa yoko, eli nqaku linokunceda inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum ifezekise isantya sokuthengiselana ngokukhawuleza kunye nokunciphisa ukuxinana kwenethiwekhi. Oku kwenza ukuba i-sharding ibaluleke kakhulu kwiinjongo ze-scalability ze-Ethereum.

Iimpawu eziphambili zeShading

• Umsebenzi weNode uvulelwe kubo bonke

U-Ethereum uchaza ukuba i-sharding yindlela esebenzayo yokugcina i-decentralization kwi-blockchain, njengoko okunye kuya kuba kukunyusa ubungakanani bedatha ekhoyo. Olu khetho luya kwenza ukuba i-Ethereum ifikeleleke kakhulu kubaqinisekisi benethiwekhi abangenawo amandla amakhulu ekhompyutheni ukugcina le datha enkulu.

Nangona kunjalo, nge-sharding, ii-validators zenethiwekhi azisafuneki ukuphatha ukugcinwa kwedatha - leyo njengoko siye saseka i-tasking - kwaye endaweni yoko inokukhetha ukusebenzisa ubuchule bedatha ukuqinisekisa ukuba idatha yenziwe yafumaneka kwi-intanethi. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko kunye neemfuno zedatha yeenkwenkwezi kwi-Layer 1 ngokusika iimfuno ze-hardware.

• Ukwandiswa kweNxaxheba yeNethiwekhi

Njengoko i-innovation iqhubeka nokutshintsha izenzo zokusebenza kwisithuba se-blockchain, i-sharding ekugqibeleni iya kufikelela kwindawo apho abasebenzisi banokuqhuba i-Ethereum kwi-laptop yomntu okanye isixhobo esiphathwayo. Ngenxa yoko, abasebenzisi abaninzi banokuthatha inxaxheba okanye baqhube abaxhasi kwindawo ekwabelwana ngayo, nto leyo eya kuthi iphucule ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi. Njengoko iposi yebhlog ichaza, "Oku kuya konyusa ukhuseleko kuba okukhona inethiwekhi isasazwa ngakumbi, incinci indawo yokuhlaselwa."

Ngokuthintelwa okuncinci kwiimfuno zehardware, i-sharding iya kwenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuba baqhube abathengi ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwiinkonzo zomntu wesithathu. U-Ethereum uphinde ucebise abasebenzisi abaneendlela zokuqhuba abathengi abaninzi, ngale ndlela impilo yenethiwekhi inokuphuculwa ngokunciphisa amanqaku angaphumeleli.

Ngaba iiShards zifuna ukuSetyenziswa kweKhowudi?

Ethetha kwi-podcast ye-Bankless, i-CEO ye-Ethereum u-Vitalik Buterin inike iinketho ezintathu ezinokuthi zixoxwe ukuphendula umbuzo wokwenziwa kwekhowudi:

• Ukuphunyezwa koMbuso akuyomfuneko

Oku kuthetha ukuba i-shards ishiywe ngaphandle kwamandla okuphatha izivumelwano ezihlakaniphile kwaye zisebenza kuphela njengeendawo zokugcina idatha.

• Yenza ezinye iiShards zokuSebenza

Olu khetho luphakamisa ulungelelwaniso apho iishadi zingafuneki ukuba zibe krelekrele. Ngaloo ndlela, i-Ethereum inokongeza nje lo msebenzi kwabambalwa kwaye ishiye intsalela ngaphandle kwendawo, enokukhawuleza ukuhanjiswa kwenethiwekhi.

• Bamba kude kube u-EThereum enze iZero Knowledge (ZK) Snarks

Inketho yokugqibela iphakamisa ukuhlaziywa kwe-ZK snarks. Obu bubuchwepheshe obunamandla okwazisa "nyani" iintengiselwano zabucala kuthungelwano. Oko kuthethiweyo, i-ZK snarks inokuthi ifune iishadi ezikrelekrele.