Vuto la SEC vs XRP: Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa

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Masiku angapo apitawa zakhala zopweteketsa mtima kwambiri ku Ripple (XRP), yomwe yawona ndalama yachitatu yayikulu kwambiri ikumeta pafupifupi 60% kuchokera pamtengo wake. Zinthu zidasokonekera chifukwa cha cryptocurrency kutsatira mlandu waposachedwa ndi SEC.

Munkhaniyi, tikhala tikulowerera kwambiri pamilandu ya SEC yolimbana ndi XRP, mtundu wa XRP, komanso kusintha kwamitengo ndi kuneneratu zokhudzana ndi ngozi yomwe yachitika chifukwa cha mlanduwu.


Milandu Yokhudzana ndi Crypto ya Cryptocurrency ku 2020
US Securities and Exchange Commission (US SEC) yakhala yovuta pazachuma chaka chino. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino (nthawi ina mu Marichi), Commission idapambana lamulo ladziko lonse lotsutsana ndi kukhazikika kwa Telegraph (GRAM), kuthana ndi zaka zingapo zakufufuza ndi kupita patsogolo kwatsopano, ngakhale pakalibe milandu yabodza.

 

Apanso mu Seputembala, Woweruza Alvin K. Hellerstein adagamula mokomera lingaliro la SEC loti aweruze mwachidule ku SEC vs. Kik Interactive. Gululi lati Kik idagulitsa zotetezedwa mopanda malire ikamapereka zikoni zake za Kin crypto. Milandu yonseyi (yolimbana ndi Telegalamu ndi Kik) idasungidwa ku Southern District ku New York.

Mofulumira kwa Disembala 22, a SEC adaganiza zopitanso ku mlandu wina wapamwamba. Commission idasuma mlandu wake m'chigawo chotchulidwa pamwambapa motsutsana ndi Ripple Labs ndi Chief Executive Officer (CEO) wakale, a Christian Larsen ndi a Bradly Garlinghouse, motsatana, posunga ndalama pafupifupi $ 1.38 biliyoni pogulitsa XRP kuyambira 2013.

Zotsatira zamilandu iyi inali yankhanza ku XRP, yomwe idatsika ndi pafupifupi 25% patangopita maola 24 mlanduwu utaperekedwa.

Madandaulo
Securities and Exchange Commission yalengeza pa 22 Disembala kuti yasumira kanthu Ripple Labs ndi ma excos ake awiri, omwe Commission ikuwona kuti ndi omwe ali ndi chitetezo, chifukwa chakuwonjezera ndalama zoposa $ 1.3 biliyoni kudzera pazosavomerezeka, zopitilira chuma cha digito zomwe zikupereka .

Malinga ndi dandaulo la SEC, Ripple; Christian Larsen, wogwirizira kampaniyo, wapampando wamkulu wa komiti yake, komanso wamkulu wakale; ndipo a Bradley Garlinghouse, CEO wapano pakampaniyi, amapeza ndalama zambiri kuti athandizire kampaniyo. Sutiyi ikunena kuti ntchito ya Ripple yobweza anthu ambiri idayamba mchaka cha 2013, kugulitsa XRP popereka chitetezo osalembetsa kwa osunga ndalama ku US komanso padziko lonse lapansi. Madandaulowo ananenanso kuti Ripple adagawa mabiliyoni a XRP chifukwa chosaganizira ndalama, monga ntchito komanso kupanga msika.

Sutiyi imanenanso kuti kuwonjezera pakupanga, kulimbikitsa, ndi kugulitsa XRP yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulipirira ntchito zake, Larsen ndi Garlinghouse adachitanso malonda a XRP, omwe amakhala pafupifupi $ 600 miliyoni. Madandaulowa akuti omwe akuwatsutsa adalephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zolembetsa malinga ndi malamulo a mabungwe azachitetezo, zomwe zimawaika pachiwopsezo.

A Stephanie Avakian, Mtsogoleri wa SEC's Enforcing Division, ananena kuti "omwe amapereka ndalama zopindulitsa pagulu, kuphatikiza mwayi wogulitsa, kugulitsa kwakukulu ndi msika wachiwiri wogulitsa, akuyenera kutsatira malamulo azachitetezo omwe amafunika kulembetsa zopereka pokhapokha amafuna kuti munthu asalembetsedwe ku boma. ” Ananenanso kuti "tikunena kuti Ripple, Larsen, ndi Garlinghouse alephera kulembetsa zopereka zawo ndikupitiliza kugulitsa mabiliyoni a XRP kwa ogulitsa masheya, zomwe zidalepheretsa omwe akufuna kugula zidziwitso zokwanira za XRP ndi bizinesi ya Ripple ndi zina zofunika kutetezedwa kwanthawi yayitali zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri kuti tisamalitse malonda athu. ”

 

Madandaulo a SEC adaperekedwa kwa omwe akuwatsutsa chifukwa chophwanya malamulo olembetsa malinga ndi Securities Act ya 1933. Kafukufukuyu adachitika ndi a Daphna A. Waxman, a Jon A. Daniels, ndi a John O. Enright a SEC's Cyber ​​Unit. Mlanduwu umayang'aniridwa ndi a Kristina Littman, Chief of the SEC Enforcing Division's Cyber ​​Unit. Pomaliza, mlanduwu udathandizidwa ndi a Jorge G. Tenreiro, Dugan Bliss, Akazi a Waxman, ndi a Daniels, ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi Preethi Krishnamurthy.
Mbiri Yachidule ya Ripple ndi XRP
Lingaliro kumbuyo kwa XRP lidayambitsidwa koyambirira kwa 2012, pambuyo pake kampaniyo idasintha dzina kukhala Ripple. XRP Ledger-kapena yotchedwa software code-imagwira ntchito ngati nkhokwe ya anzawo kuti ifalikire pa netiweki yamakompyuta (node), yomwe imakhala ndi mbiri yolemba zochitika zokhudzana ndi zochitika pakati pazofunikira zina. Kuti tipeze mgwirizano, seva iliyonse pa netiweki imayesa zochitika zonse kuchokera pagawo lazinthu zodalirika, kuti zipewe zochitika zachinyengo. Ma node odalirika amadziwika ngati njira yapadera ya seva yotayika kapena UNL.

Pa netiweki ya XRP, seva iliyonse ili ndi ufulu wofotokozera mfundo zake zodalirika. Komabe, XRP Ledger imafunikira mulingo woyenera wazodalirika zomwe zidasankhidwa ndi seva iliyonse. Kuti akwaniritse izi, Ripple apanga bungwe la UNL pagulu.

XRP Ledger itamalizidwa pomaliza ndipo ikamatumizidwa kuma seva osankhidwa kuti ayendetse mu Disembala 2012, zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazo, ndalama zokwanira 100 biliyoni XRP zidakhazikitsidwa ndikupangidwa pamtengo wotsika kwambiri. Pambuyo pakupanga, ma tokeni a 80 biliyoni a XRP adasamutsidwa kupita ku Ripple, kampaniyo, pomwe ma 20 biliyoni otsala adasamutsidwa kwa omwe adayambitsa, kuphatikiza Larsen. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Ripple ndi omwe adayambitsa adalamulira XRP yonse yomwe idalipo panthawiyo.

Izi zidanenedwa kuti zidachitidwa ngati kusamvana pakati pa netiweki yolimbikitsidwa ndi Bitcoin (BTC) ndi netiweki yokhazikika yokhala ndi mkhalapakati mmodzi wodalirika, monga bungwe lazachuma. Izi zati, Bitcoin sinapangidwe kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mozungulira, pomwe XRP idapangidwa kuti izikhala choncho poganizira kugawa kwa zikwangwani koyamba. Njira yophatikiza ya blockchain yochokera pazida za digito, zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndi gulu lapakati, zidadzetsa chisokonezo pagulu la ma cryptocurrency, pomwe okonda ma crypto ambiri amati XRP sinali "yowona".

Malinga ndi SEC, pakati pa 2013 ndi 2014, Ripple ndi omwe adayambitsa adafuna kupanga msika wa XRP pomulamula kuti Ripple agawire pafupifupi 12.5 biliyoni XRP kudzera pamapulogalamu othandizira, omwe adawapanga mapulogalamuwo amalandila zikwangwani pakufotokozera ziphuphu pa code ya XRP Ledger. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira ndikupanga msika wogulitsa wa XRP, Ripple adagawana ndalama zochepa - makamaka pakati pa 100 ndi 1,000 XRP pazogulitsa zilizonse - kwa opanga osadziwika ndi ena.

Kenako, Ripple adachitapo kanthu mwatsatanetsatane kuti akwaniritse zofuna zake komanso kuchuluka kwa malonda kwa XRP. Mu 2015, Ripple adayamba kampeni yopanga XRP kukhala "chida chamagetsi chonse" m'mabanki ndi mabungwe ena azachuma kuti achite zosintha ndalama. Malinga ndi SEC, kuti achite izi, Ripple amayenera kuti apange msika wogulitsa wamsika wa XRP. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Ripple adakulitsa kuyesetsa kwake kuti agwiritse ntchito XRP ndikulimbikitsa kugulitsa kwa ndalama zamsika pamsika.

Pakadali pano Ripple Labs, ndi kampani yake yachiwiri ya XRP II LLC, idasanthulidwa ndi US Financial Crimes Enforcing Network (FinCEN), mogwirizana ndi udindo wake ku Bank Secrecy Act (BSA). Chigawo cha Kumpoto ku California, molumikizana ndi US Attorney's Office, idalamula makampani onsewa kuti alephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za BSA, kuphatikiza kusalembetsa ku FinCEN ndikusintha posunga Anti-Money Laundering (AML) ndi Know Your Customer ( KYC) ndondomeko. FinCEN idanenanso kuti kulephera kwa Ripples kutsatira zomwe zidafunikazo kunatsegula mwayi kuti zigawenga komanso omwe amabera ndalama azigwiritsa ntchito XRP mwankhanza.

Komabe, mlanduwu sunapereke mlanduwo, chifukwa a Ripple Labs adagwirizana kuti amalize mlanduwo polipira chindapusa cha $ 700,000 ndikusintha momwe kampaniyo imagwirira ntchito kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira za BSA. Mgwirizanowu womwe udatulutsidwa kukhothi udalengezedwa pa Meyi 5, 2015. Nthawi yonse yakufufuza kwawo, a FinCEN adanenetsa kuti XRP inali ndalama zadijito, zomwe Ripple adavomereza ndipo adasinthanso ma protocol ake kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za BSA.

Madandaulo a SEC akuti kuyambira 2014 mpaka kotala lachitatu la 2020, Ripple adagulitsa pafupifupi 8.8 biliyoni XRP pamsika ndi malonda ogulitsa, ndikupeza pafupifupi $ 1.38 biliyoni kuti athandizire ntchito zake. Kuphatikiza apo, madandaulowa adatsimikiza kuti kuyambira 2015 mpaka Marichi 2020, pomwe anali CEO ndipo pambuyo pake wapampando wa board ku Ripple, Larsen ndi mkazi wake, Lyna Lam, adagulitsa zoposa 1.7 biliyoni XRP kwa omwe amagulitsa mabizinesi pamsika wa cryptocurrency.

Awiriwa akuti adapanga ndalama zosachepera $ 450 miliyoni pogulitsa. Pakadali pano, kuyambira Epulo 2017 mpaka Disembala 2019, pomwe anali CEO wa Ripple, Garlinghouse adagulitsa zoposa 321 miliyoni XRP zomwe adalandira kuchokera ku Ripple kupita kwa ogulitsa mabizinesi pamsika wa cryptocurrency, ndalama pafupifupi $ 150 miliyoni pogulitsa.


Kusinthanitsa Kuyamba Kutulutsa XRP
Kutsatira mlandu wosokoneza wotsutsana ndi chimphona cha cryptocurrency, kusinthana kambiri kwayamba kulembetsa kapena kuyimitsa malonda a XRP papulatifomu yawo. Coinbase ndiye kusinthana kwaposachedwa kwambiri kuti adzipatule ku XRP pomwe sutiyo imakoka.

Coinbase adalemba XRP pamapulatifomu omwe amayang'ana kugulitsa mu February 2019. Komabe, Coinbase yalengeza kuti ndalama za cryptocurrency tsopano zasunthidwira ku gawo la "malire okha" pakadali pano ndipo ziziimitsidwa kwathunthu pa Januware 19, 2021. Paul Grewal, Chief Ofesi ya zamalamulo ku Coinbase, adalemba mu blog kuti "Tipitiliza kuwunika zochitika zamalamulo zokhudzana ndi XRP ndikusintha makasitomala athu momwe zambiri zithandizira."

Pakadali pano, kusinthanaku kwatsimikizira kuti zikwama za ogwiritsa ntchito XRP zitha kulandirabe ndalama ndikuthandizira kuchotsedwa ngakhale atayimitsidwa kwathunthu. Chofunika kwambiri, Coinbase yatsimikizira kuti nsanja yake ithandizabe mlengalenga wa Spark tokens kwa omwe ali ndi XRP. Izi zati, XRP ipitilizabe kuthandizidwa ndi Coinbase Custody komanso mu Coinbase Wallet yodzisungira.

Mtengo wa XRP pa Coinbase unagwa kuchokera mozungulira $ 0.24 m'mphindi 20 zoyambirira za chilengezo chopangidwa pa Disembala 28. Pambuyo pake, ndalama ya cryptocurrency yachotsa zoposa 60% pamtengo wake kuyambira pomwe mlandu wa SEC udalengezedwa sabata yatha.

Coinbase adazindikira kuti chifukwa chotsitsira XRP ngati chinthu chogulitsidwa papulatifomu yawo chinali chifukwa, monga Ripple idafunira IPO, pokhala nsanja yomwe imakhala ndi china chake chachitetezo-kapena chothekera kukhala - chingafune kukonzanso ndikuwonjezera zolemba ku zikhale zovomerezeka kwa amalonda ogulitsa kuti azigulitsa.

Coinbase ndiye kusinthana kwakukulu kwambiri kwa cryptocurrency kuti muchepetse ubale wake ndi XRP kutsatira mlandu wa SEC. Kukula kumeneku kumatha kuyambitsa zochitika zofananira pakusinthana kwina kwa ma cryptocurrency.

Bitstamp ndi OKCoin adalengeza kale kuti akuyimitsa malonda a XRP ndikuyika ndalama kwa makasitomala onse aku US pa 8 ndi 4 Januware motsatana.

Kusinthana komwe kukupitilizabe kupereka XRP osalembetsa ngati kusungitsa chitetezo ndi chiwopsezo cha SEC kukumana ndi mavuto ndi akuluakulu. Komabe, ngati Ripple apambana mlanduwu kapena sangapatsidwe chilango chochepa, Coinbase ndi kusinthana kwina atha kulembetsanso XRP mwachangu.

Alex Kruger, wogulitsa / kusanthula ndalama za cryptocurrency, adanenanso momveka bwino ponena kuti "kusinthana kwa ma crypto sikulembetsedwa ndi SEC (mwa kusankha, popeza kulembetsa kumanyamula katundu wambiri komanso kukwera mtengo) motero kuli ndi chidwi chawo kuti asapereke kugulitsa zotetezedwa. Zimateteza iwo, osati makasitomala awo. ”
A Gabriel Shapiro, loya wa Belcher, Smolen & Van Loo LLP, adati poyankhulana kwaposachedwa kuti lingaliro lakuchotsa XRP posinthana ndilovuta, poganizira zovuta zachuma komanso zalamulo.


Maganizo athu
Ngakhale zovuta zomwe zikuchitikazi zikuwoneka zowopsa, tikukhulupirira kuti palibe chifukwa chamantha pano. Pali mwayi pano. Kusinthanitsa kochokera ku US kuchotsa XRP kumayembekezeredwa, poganizira kuti ali ndi udindo wotsata SEC. Kusinthana uku kumachita chifukwa chachitetezo.

M'mwezi wa Disembala, Japan idalengeza kuti XRP sichikuwoneka ngati chachitetezo. UK idalengezanso chimodzimodzi kale.

Izi zati, tikukhulupirira kuti kafukufukuyu wa SEC ndiwanthawi chabe ndipo Ripple atha kukhala ndi zabwino zambiri. Mlanduwo akukhulupirira kuti ndi wopanda phindu, poganizira kuti SEC sinatchule XRP ngati chitetezo chomwe chinkapereka zaka zingapo zapitazo. Ngakhale zili choncho, mtengo wa XRP udzakhudzidwa kwambiri ngati kusinthana kwina kochokera ku US kuyimitsa ndalama za kanthawi kwakanthawi, koma tikuyembekeza kuchira kwathunthu chaka chamawa izi zikadzachitika.

Izi zati, "Pali magazi m'misewu" ndipo ino ndi nthawi yabwino kuti mudzipezere ndalama kuti mupindule ndi izi. Komabe, sitinganene motsimikiza kutsika uku kudzapita, koma pali mwayi pano motsimikiza. Monga nthawi zonse, timafuna kubweretsa nkhaniyi kwa inu (owerenga athu) monga timakonda kuchitira tikapeza mwayi wabwino wogulitsa.
Kusanthula Mtengo wa XRP / USD
Pakadutsa nthawi, XRP tsopano ikukhala mkati mwazomwe zimayang'aniridwa-kutengera chizindikiro chathu cha 4-MACD. Ngakhale kusinthana kwamtchire kuli ponseponse pamalonda a cryptocurrency, zochitika zomwe zimasinthasintha ziyenera kusintha kwambiri. Ripple pakadali pano yatsika -30% m'maola 24 apitawa.

Zambiri zamalonda ogulitsa zimasonyeza kuti pafupifupi 94% ya amalonda ndiwotalika, pomwe chiŵerengero cha amalonda chimakhala chofupikirako pa 17.3 mpaka 1. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa ogulitsa nthawi yayitali ndi 5% poyerekeza masiku awiri apitawa ndipo 2.8% kutsika kuyambira sabata yatha, pomwe kuchuluka kwakanthawi kochepa kukukwera 53% kuyambira masiku awiri apitawa ndi 36% kupitilira sabata yatha. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti amalonda sakhala ochepera masiku awiri apitawo poyerekeza ndi sabata yatha.

Komabe, zosintha zaposachedwa pamalingaliro azamalonda zikusonyeza kuti mtengo wapano wa XRP ukuwonanso posachedwa posachedwa.

Pakadali pano, kusakhazikika kosasintha kwa XRP kudayamba pomwe mbiri yokhudza chiphaso cha Spark idayamba kufalikira pakati pa amalonda. Msonkhano womwe udalengezedwa udapangitsa kuti cryptocurrency ichotse malonda ake azaka zambiri pakati pa $ 0.20 ndi $ 0.30 ndikupita pafupi ndi $ 0.90 pamasinthidwe angapo.

Pakadali pano, amalonda adayamba kuyika chidwi pa crypto, chomwe chidathandiza kuti ziziyenda mozungulira $ 0.60. Komabe, nkhani yokhudza mlandu wa SEC motsutsana ndi Ripple idasokonekera ndikutumiza ndalama yachitatu yayikulu kwambiri kutsika kwakanthawi m'dera la $ 0.20, komwe idapezanso kufunanso kwatsopano. Kenako, nkhani yoti Coinbase akuyimitsa malonda a XRP sabata ikubwerayi idapangitsa kuti kugulitsidwe kwatsopano, komwe kudatenga mtengo mwachidule pansi pamtengo wofunikira wa $ 0.20.

Izi zati, ofufuzawo akuyembekezeranso kuchepa kwanthawi yayitali, ponena kuti kusinthanitsa kophatikizana ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndizomwe zimathandizira kwambiri. Pakadali pano, makampani ena akuluakulu opanga malonda omwe agwirapo ntchito ndi Ripple ayamba kudula ubale ndi kampaniyo, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kuchuluka kwachuma kudzagwa posachedwa.

Komabe, munthawi yosindikiza, msika wa XRP wawona kuchira kwathanzi kuchokera pakulandila kwake kwaposachedwa kuchokera $ 0.17 mpaka $ 0.21. Kubwerera uku kumayimira kufinya pang'ono, ngakhale sikutenga nthawi yayitali. Kupsinjika kwakukulu kumatha kuwonetsedwa pamlingo wa $ 0.24, womwe ukuwoneka kuti ndi womwe ukulepheretsa kukula kwa XRP.

Kuphatikiza apo, katswiri wina wajambula chithunzi chokhumudwitsa cha XRP m'masabata akudzawa, pomwe akupanga kuneneratu kwamtengo pakati pa $ 0.07 mpaka $ 0.12. Ananenanso kuti kusinthana kwina, kuchepa kwa ndalama, ndi kutuluka kwa anamgumi zipitilizabe kukakamiza mtengo wa XRP. adati "XRP: IMO fumbi lidzakhazikika m'masabata / miyezi ingapo ikubwerazi kwinakwake pakati .07-.12c. Zamadzimadzi zidzauma. ODL singagwiritsidwe ntchito pa Bitstamp. Kusinthana kwina kumasiya malonda. Osewera okulirapo apitiliza kudziika pachiwopsezo ndikuchotsa zowerengera zambiri. Momwe ndikuonera. ”

Ngakhale zili choncho, masiku akubwerawa akuyenera kuwunikira momveka bwino njira yotsatirayi ya XRP, kusunga zotsatira zakuchepetsaku.